![]() That’s been known for years, but if you want to optimize your program for battery life/low power, some of the routines would have to be optimized in C, assembler, SIMD instructions, or custom instructions for accelerators. ![]() a small virtual machine called Sweet 16 to support 16-bit integers. The study also ranked each language with different combinations of objectives mixing time, memory, and energy parameters, and C is always at the top with those metrics. The first program that Wozniak tested on the Apple Is BASIC interpreter was an. Considering MicroPyhon is now running on a wide range of microcontrollers, I suspect it may not be as bad on those platforms with a smaller footprint, and it would be interesting to find out the difference. It should be noted all tests were performed on a machine based on an Intel Core i5-4460 Haswell CPU 3.20GHz with 16GB of RAM, and running Ubuntu Server 16.10 operating system with Linux 4.8.0-22. Go is the worst language from the compiled languages category, and it’s even worse than languages relying on a VM like Java or Erlang, at least with the binary-trees sample used.īut the crown of the most inefficient languages goes to interpreted languages like Perl, Lua, or Python, and that’s by some margin. To the surprise of no one, the study concludes that “compiled languages tend to be, as expected, the fastest and most energy-efficient ones”.C and C++ languages are the most efficient and fastest languages. un set de instruciuni pentru un procesor virtual pe 16 bii denumit SWEET 16. împreun cu Steve Jobs i Ronald Wayne Postat de Carmen Vintu on aug. The study goes through the methodology and various benchmarks, but let’s pick the binary-trees results to illustrate the point starting with compiled code. Steve Wozniak, specialist în calculatoare, cunoscut drept cofondator al companiei Apple Computer, Inc. C is the uncontested winner here being the most efficient, while Python, which I’ll now call the polluters’ programming language :), is right at the bottom of the scale together with Perl. #SWEET16 WOZNIAK SOFTWARE#SYM and AIM refer to early 6502 single board computers.As a former software engineer who’s mostly worked with C programming, and to a lesser extent assembler, I know in my heart that those are the two most efficient programming languages since they are so close to the hardware.īut to remove any doubts, a team of Portuguese university researchers attempted to quantify the energy efficiency of different programming languages (and of their compiler/interpreter) in a paper entitled Energy Efficiency across Programming Languages published in 2017, where they looked at the runtime, memory usage, and energy consumption of twenty-seven well-known programming languages. SCCS (Southern California Computer Society). IA refers to Interface Age, a publication of the ![]() ![]() ![]() Red Book refers to the original Apple II ReferenceĪ publication by Call-A.P.P.L.E., an Apple II user group.ĭDJ refers to Dr. #SWEET16 WOZNIAK CODE#Briefly stated, any routine operating on 16 bit data will require at least twice the code that it should. Such as the Monitor and Integer BASIC, appropriate for a SBC. Sweet 16: The 6502 Dream Machine Stephen Wozniak Apple Computer 20863 Stevens Creek Blvd, B3C Cuptertino CA 95014 While writing Apple BASIC for a 6502 microprocessor I repeatedly encountered a variant of Murphy's Law. Original Apple II had 4K of RAM and 8K of ROM. Alternatively, you could do what Steve Wozniak did with Sweet16, a hack he wrote for the Apple II (which used the same 6502 processor as the BBC Micro) that effectively created a virtual 16-bit. This site is mostly about the firmware - software in ROM - thatĬame with the original Apple II, not the II+, IIe, IIc, or IIgs. ![]()
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